開車 - 開車
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By Hedwig
at 2020-09-13T12:43
at 2020-09-13T12:43
Table of Contents
原文連結:
https://udn.com/news/story/7340/4854049
原文內容:
「無知之幕(冪)」 (veil of ignorance),John Rawls 在「正義論」中嘗試以此概
念來統合社會中人們的差異,假設大家都處於彼此無知濃霧中,看不到自己與他人的身分
,人們因而能跳脫出預設與立場,才可能發展出「同理心」,並進一步達到「共識」,如
此形構出社會「正義」。可是,這個概念和道路有何關係呢?
過去三個多月,筆者幾次在路上開車,經歷讓雨刷失能的暴雨,不論是梅雨季還是颱風外
圍氣流影響,過去數十年開車經驗,暴雨如此頻繁出現還真少見!而且暴雨一來就是半個
小時以上,高速公路許多路段甚至會積水,遑論一般道路,如果是夜晚,更危險。
在暴雨侵襲當下,高速公路車輛紛紛減速,駕駛人為讓後車能夠辨識,開大燈不夠還加打
會閃爍的雙黃燈。然而,問題來了,行駛在最內側與外側車道,因最容易積水,於是有駕
駛人打方向燈靠向中間車道—這個動作可能帶來一張三千元的罰單!
前述駕駛人的反應有何不對?打雙黃燈警示後車是體貼的動作,而變換車道打方向燈也是
正確的,何以還被開罰?原因就在方向燈和警示燈是重疊的,對後車來說,確實無法辨識
前車「打了方向燈」!許多駕駛人並不清楚這一點,直到接到罰單「未依規定使用方向燈
」才知道,原來開警示雙黃燈時,打方向燈是無效的,變換車道就違規了!
日昨筆者又碰到類似的狀況,暴雨中駕駛人紛紛打開了警示燈,我注意到幾部前車變換車
道,但看不到像平常那樣可辨識的方向燈,的確要很小心;幸好車速慢下來,也知道前車
並非超車而是因狀況才變換車道。儘管這是違規,但這就是同理心,很難想像,後車會趁
此機會檢舉善意的前車!
用這個例子來討論,法規中所欲代表的正義,頗具意義。乃由於駕駛人的出發點,是基於
(對後車)的善意,而檢舉人(後車)卻可能基於「非善意」來舉發,交通大隊明知此狀
況,仍依法判定舉發有效,夫復何言?對於前車來說,明明打了方向燈,還被認定「違規
」,這是什麼「正義」啊?測速照相前都會有警示標誌,台灣的道路,可曾出現過「打方
向燈時請先關閉警示燈」的警語?
筆者相信有許多檢舉是為了公益,然而,若為了自身利益舉發,破壞社會正義的道德基礎
,將導致社會脫序。特別是,許多道路的友善性不足,常導致道路使用人難以避免不違規
的情形;例如,一條道路在短短幾百公尺內有不同的速限、路口設計不良、商場缺乏停車
位、道路標線不清或前後矛盾…等,都是常見的「陷阱」。政府沒有積極進行改善,卻在
人們不小心掉落陷阱時,不但開罰有時候還要你去上課學習—難道要學習如何當檢舉達人
?
最近確實出現許多「檢舉達人」,好聽一點說,讓大家能更守法,可是當人人自危時,並
且產生報復式連鎖檢舉時,那是人際信任感崩解的徵兆!尤其當檢舉達人因「好賺」職業
化了,這意味著,越來越多人不想投入正常工作,而是守株待兔,樂見他人掉入陷阱。另
一方面,當人們收到罰單變成過去的三倍券,也是一個警訊,是因為政府財庫空虛,還是
人們越來越不守法呢?
(作者為台灣大學教授)
車道
暴雨
罰單
心得/說明:(30字以上)
作者為台大教授?
打雙黃燈變換車道叫做同理心?自私到爆炸吧!
檢舉達人因好賺而職業化?這....
第一次覺得唸台大畢業很羞恥
*轉錄新聞/情報,必須附上原文及網址連結及心得或意見30字(不含標點符號)*
--
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開車
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