IIHS研究證實！膝部氣囊沒什麼用！ - 汽車

看了一下原文
https://www.iihs.org/news/detail/iihs-researchers-find-little-benefit-from-kne
e-airbags


Airbags are essential, lifesaving devices that have prevented tens of thousand
s of deaths. More airbags, one might assume, would provide even greater protec
tion.


汽車安全氣囊是一個拯救數萬人的安全設備。
人們可以推論，安全氣囊越多，防護能力越好。


That isn’t always the case, a recent IIHS study shows. One increasingly commo
n type of airbag — the knee airbag — has a negligible effect on injury risk
and, in fact, may even increase it in some cases, researchers found.

但是最近IIHS對於現在越來越常見的膝部氣囊的研究表露了不同於一般的結果。
研究指出膝部氣囊對於降低受傷風險是微不足道的，甚至在特定的案例中有增加受傷機率
的風險

Knee airbags usually deploy from the lower dashboard and are intended to distr
ibute impact forces to reduce leg injuries. They may also help reduce forces o
n an occupant's chest and abdomen by controlling lower body movement.

膝部氣囊作用於儀表板下方
可以分散下方的衝擊力道減少腿部受傷的情形
甚至有可能在衝擊中
藉由控制下半身在衝擊中的運動
來減輕人員胸腹部的壓力

To find out if knee airbags improve safety, IIHS researchers examined both cra
sh test data and information from real-world crash reports.

為了了解膝部氣囊實際引響，IIHS的研究人員
檢視了撞擊測試跟現實車禍的資料

For the first part, they looked at injury measures from more than 400 frontal
crash tests conducted as part of the IIHS vehicle ratings program to see if in
juries were less likely when vehicles were equipped with knee airbags.

低一部分：
在撞擊測試方面
IIHS檢視了超過400筆自己所進行的前方撞擊測試
來比對裝配了膝部氣囊的汽車是否真的能降低受傷機率

To look at real-world outcomes, they compiled crash reports from 14 states and
compared injury risk in vehicles with knee airbags with risk in vehicles with
out knee airbags.

而現實車禍方面
IIHS則收集了北美14州的車禍資料
來比對有裝備膝部氣囊的車跟沒裝配膝部氣囊的車的受傷機率

Knee airbags had only a small effect on injury measures recorded by dummies in
IIHS driver-side small overlap front and moderate overlap front crash tests.
In the small overlap test, knee airbags were associated with increased injury
risk for lower leg injuries and right femur injuries, though head injury risk
was slightly reduced. The airbags had no effect on injury measures in the mod
erate overlap test.

結果表明
再撞擊測試中
膝部氣囊對於前方撞擊的影響非常有限

在駕駛側小面積撞擊中
膝部氣囊會增加小腿以及右股骨的受傷風險
但是頭部受傷的風險確些微減少

然而在40%中等撞擊測試中則沒明顯影響。


In the analysis of real-world crashes, knee airbags reduced overall injury ris
k by half a percentage point, from 7.9 percent to 7.4 percent, but this result
wasn’t statistically significant.

然後，在實際車禍中
膝部氣囊讓平均受傷機率從7.9%減少至7.4%
一共減少了0.5個百分點

但是這個些微的差距並沒統計上的意義


“There are many different design strategies for protecting against the kind o
f leg and foot injuries that knee airbags are meant to address,” says Becky M
ueller, an IIHS senior research engineer and co-author of the paper. “Other o
ptions may be just as, if not more, effective.”

本研究的共同作者，IIHS的資深研究人員Becky Mueller指出
”除了膝部氣囊外，還有很多設計能減少腿部傷害”
”其它的設計也一樣有效”


One reason some manufacturers have been installing knee airbags is to help veh
icles pass federally mandated tests with unbelted dummies. It’s possible that
knee airbags would help unbelted occupants in real-world crashes. The IIHS st
udy didn’t look specifically at crashes in which people weren’t using seat b
elts, and dummies are always belted in IIHS vehicle ratings tests.

有些廠商裝置膝部氣囊的主要原因是希望自己的車輛能夠通過未繫安全帶的聯邦測試

在現實車禍中
膝部氣囊或許有能力降低未繫安全的乘客受傷風險

但在IIHS的現實車禍資料中
並沒有精細研究未繫安全帶跟有繫安全帶的差別。

而在實驗室撞側中，所有假人都是有繫上安全帶的

心得：
感覺原文的意思是氣囊數並不一定是選車的重要指標，而膝部氣囊的影響並不大

或許是google翻譯不准
感覺文章只是敘事，沒有太多起伏

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