Toyota 的妥善率神話是如何締造出來 - 汽車
By Isabella
at 2019-06-23T22:40
at 2019-06-23T22:40
Table of Contents
我還滿意外一般大眾完全不知道豐田為什麼可以做到高可靠度
這點要歸因於豐田十分擅長控制變異(Variation)
1970年左右美國車在美國的銷售就很差
那時美國汽車的經營高層都覺得日本人在搞傾銷
完全不知道日本人從戴明博士那邊學到一套叫做SPC的統計品質管制工具
此外戴明也相當有遠見,知道若只教日本工程師SPC,不出兩三年日本人就會遺忘此精神
所以當初他召集日本全國的經營高層進行講習,許多日本人就是在此時學到一身本領
這套講習後來成為日本的戴明獎,是日本最高品質的代表獎項
此時戴明博士已經提出他的理論:深厚知識Profound Knowledge
美國直到1980年左右才知道日本在搞什麼鬼,並且拆車做了一番研究
原來日本車的傳動軸軸徑的尺寸分配完全在Statistical Control狀態
而美國車的傳動軸軸徑尺寸分配只是符合公差規格而已
光是這點,美國汽車產業的觀念就差人家十萬八千里
原來品質不是符合規格,而是降低變異,而這點也是台灣產業的弱項
現有的車用品質標準IATF16949其實大量應用了戴明博士的理論與理念
包含強迫供應鏈應用SPC、MSA、FMEA、APQP、PPAP等工具,其實就是想要控制變異
但台灣一堆人沒念過幾年書,只知道把SPC當作統計工具在瞎搞
從未想要了解更深的應用
另一方面美國汽車產業的經營高層為了瞭解日本汽車的高明之處也到日本參訪
聽說豐田汽車就讓他們參觀著名的TPS(Toyota Production System)豐田生產系統
美國高層事後就說,這趟參訪日本人心機很重,肯定是安排好的假參訪
為什麼他這樣說呢?因為他整趟參訪在生產線看不到在製品存貨
而美國汽車的生產線上到處堆滿了存貨,所以美國高層才說日本人騙人
其實哪是日本人騙人,而是美國人的心智模式看不見拉式生產的威力罷了
豐田透過消除存貨的觀念,應用拉式生產及各項TPS工具逐漸達成了高度穩定的生產效率
並透過這套極高效率的生產系統進行各項關鍵品質特性的監控,達到了高度品質的展現
最後一個問題,為什麼豐田總能生產可靠度又高、車價又便宜的車?
這個問題的答案絕對不是因為豐田板金很薄
而是因為高品質與低成本是問題的一體兩面,高品質就等於低成本
這與一般人認為高品質需要付出更多成本是完全不同的觀念
這就要回到上一段的問題了
你是看到了產線上很多存貨所以不相信這世上存在極少存貨的生產線吧
這完全是心智模式的問題
這也順便回答了板上之前的老問題:為什麼納智捷不做低成本的車,只要顧好品質就好
答案是他們做不出來
因為納智捷的品質不佳,生產的成本極高,過程中產生更多Cost of Poor Quality
他們只能靠類似sorting的方式生產車輛,自然品質不良又不便宜
之前小弟待過一年福特六和,大概也是類似的狀況,從那之後我逢人就說不要買台灣福特
※ 引述《jiern (jiern)》之銘言:
: 妥善率高的神話從90年代
: 台灣引進美規版toyota corolla開始締造
: 因為美規版corolla 不易故障妥善率高 保養費低 零組件無重大災情
: 口碑整個爆發
: 造就後來上市Altis等車輛
: 站上稱霸台灣車壇十幾年的世代
: 90年代美規版toyota corolla
: (下圖是網路捉圖)
: https://i.imgur.com/0u9PPf9.jpg
: ※ 引述《Pamplona ( ̄︶ ̄)》之銘言:
: : 不可否認,Toyota 集團的妥善率實績非常非常好
: : 一台美規Camry 開三十年不算罕見
: : 而締造出這個妥善率神話,Toyota 靠的是哪些獨門技術?
: : 歐洲與美國車廠為何就是做不到???
: : -----
: : Sent from JPTT on my iPhone
--
課程名稱:提升品質就是降低變異---Statistical Process Control統計製程管制
教材:報名成功繳款後提供超連結下載
課程費用:$2500 / 學員 , PTT新竹版版友9折優惠$2250 (10人以上開課)
中央大學工業管理所碩士
報名網址:https://goo.gl/forms/IECY43rParCGUo9q2
https://j401f2gmail.blogspot.com/
--
這點要歸因於豐田十分擅長控制變異(Variation)
1970年左右美國車在美國的銷售就很差
那時美國汽車的經營高層都覺得日本人在搞傾銷
完全不知道日本人從戴明博士那邊學到一套叫做SPC的統計品質管制工具
此外戴明也相當有遠見,知道若只教日本工程師SPC,不出兩三年日本人就會遺忘此精神
所以當初他召集日本全國的經營高層進行講習,許多日本人就是在此時學到一身本領
這套講習後來成為日本的戴明獎,是日本最高品質的代表獎項
此時戴明博士已經提出他的理論:深厚知識Profound Knowledge
美國直到1980年左右才知道日本在搞什麼鬼,並且拆車做了一番研究
原來日本車的傳動軸軸徑的尺寸分配完全在Statistical Control狀態
而美國車的傳動軸軸徑尺寸分配只是符合公差規格而已
光是這點,美國汽車產業的觀念就差人家十萬八千里
原來品質不是符合規格,而是降低變異,而這點也是台灣產業的弱項
現有的車用品質標準IATF16949其實大量應用了戴明博士的理論與理念
包含強迫供應鏈應用SPC、MSA、FMEA、APQP、PPAP等工具,其實就是想要控制變異
但台灣一堆人沒念過幾年書,只知道把SPC當作統計工具在瞎搞
從未想要了解更深的應用
另一方面美國汽車產業的經營高層為了瞭解日本汽車的高明之處也到日本參訪
聽說豐田汽車就讓他們參觀著名的TPS(Toyota Production System)豐田生產系統
美國高層事後就說,這趟參訪日本人心機很重,肯定是安排好的假參訪
為什麼他這樣說呢?因為他整趟參訪在生產線看不到在製品存貨
而美國汽車的生產線上到處堆滿了存貨,所以美國高層才說日本人騙人
其實哪是日本人騙人,而是美國人的心智模式看不見拉式生產的威力罷了
豐田透過消除存貨的觀念,應用拉式生產及各項TPS工具逐漸達成了高度穩定的生產效率
並透過這套極高效率的生產系統進行各項關鍵品質特性的監控,達到了高度品質的展現
最後一個問題,為什麼豐田總能生產可靠度又高、車價又便宜的車?
這個問題的答案絕對不是因為豐田板金很薄
而是因為高品質與低成本是問題的一體兩面,高品質就等於低成本
這與一般人認為高品質需要付出更多成本是完全不同的觀念
這就要回到上一段的問題了
你是看到了產線上很多存貨所以不相信這世上存在極少存貨的生產線吧
這完全是心智模式的問題
這也順便回答了板上之前的老問題:為什麼納智捷不做低成本的車,只要顧好品質就好
答案是他們做不出來
因為納智捷的品質不佳,生產的成本極高,過程中產生更多Cost of Poor Quality
他們只能靠類似sorting的方式生產車輛,自然品質不良又不便宜
之前小弟待過一年福特六和,大概也是類似的狀況,從那之後我逢人就說不要買台灣福特
※ 引述《jiern (jiern)》之銘言:
: 妥善率高的神話從90年代
: 台灣引進美規版toyota corolla開始締造
: 因為美規版corolla 不易故障妥善率高 保養費低 零組件無重大災情
: 口碑整個爆發
: 造就後來上市Altis等車輛
: 站上稱霸台灣車壇十幾年的世代
: 90年代美規版toyota corolla
: (下圖是網路捉圖)
: https://i.imgur.com/0u9PPf9.jpg
: ※ 引述《Pamplona ( ̄︶ ̄)》之銘言:
: : 不可否認,Toyota 集團的妥善率實績非常非常好
: : 一台美規Camry 開三十年不算罕見
: : 而締造出這個妥善率神話,Toyota 靠的是哪些獨門技術?
: : 歐洲與美國車廠為何就是做不到???
: : -----
: : Sent from JPTT on my iPhone
--
課程名稱:提升品質就是降低變異---Statistical Process Control統計製程管制
教材:報名成功繳款後提供超連結下載
課程費用:$2500 / 學員 , PTT新竹版版友9折優惠$2250 (10人以上開課)
中央大學工業管理所碩士
報名網址:https://goo.gl/forms/IECY43rParCGUo9q2
https://j401f2gmail.blogspot.com/
--
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