沒碰撞的車禍!女駕駛擅離 肇逃判刑6月 - 汽車
By Queena
at 2022-09-02T22:51
at 2022-09-02T22:51
Table of Contents
刑法第185-4肇事逃逸罪本來規定「駕駛動力交通工具肇事致人受傷…」,在釋字777號解
釋之後因為「肇事」太狹義而且在文義上「肇事」這個詞隱約帶有「駕駛人有過失」的意
涵 為了保護人車安全 因此在修法後條文變成「駕駛動力交通工具發生交通事故」 就是
在彰顯不管有無過失,可否歸責於駕駛人,只要發生交通事故,駕駛人就有留在現場的義
務。
至於這件女老師認為車禍跟她無關,所以應該不是她與人發生交通事故,但這層因果關係
不是當事人可以自己認定的,否則一旦發生交通事故,任何人都可以主觀認定自己不是發
生交通事故的一方就離去,那立法目的 — 保護人車安全就沒有辦法達到。
誠然一般人想像中的「發生交通事故」,都是直接車碰車那種,但日常審判中碰到沒有發
生碰撞的情況 大概佔了收案的20%以上。曾經碰過一個計程車司機從得來速出來,直接橫
跨三個車道切進內側車道,當然交通規則沒有規定不能連續變換車道,但這個司機直接從
路外切到最內側車道,造成騎在最內側車道的機車煞避不及而跌倒受傷,這時候計程車司
機當然是「發生交通事故的一方」,縱然沒有發生碰撞。又有碰過汽車在路邊停車格打左
方向燈要起駛,但外線有機車在慢車道行駛,因為看到汽車車頭突然冒出來緊張而摔倒,
這種情況汽車也應該是發生交通事故的一方。
這件女老師從監視器畫面明顯可以看出在機車騎士跌倒前,原本停滯在交岔路口中間,卻
突然往左移動,此時造成機車騎士跌倒,很難說女老師沒有與機車發生交通事故。如果女
老師完全靜止在交岔路口中間,那可能還有轉圜餘地,但這件女老師很明顯就有在動。
更何況,關鍵點在發生交通事故後,機車騎士大力拍打汽車的車窗,這時候女老師顯然就
知道交通事故發生了,更何況她回家還跟別人說「剛剛發生很好笑的事等語」,更可以證
明女老師知道交通事故發生。在不能自己判斷因果關係存在與否的情形下,當然就是應該
留在現場等警察來。至於其後有沒有過失傷害的問題 那不是肇事逃逸罪要討論的事
很多人會說:那以後在交岔路口隨便有人自摔,是不是全部人都要停下來? 我想粗暴的
言論duck不必,本件客觀上機車騎士就已經有拍打女老師的車窗,且這件車禍可能
是肇事因素的人就是女老師和機車騎士2人,如果無限上綱成每個人都要停下來,那或許
過度推論了一些。
至於這件機車騎士在判決中也有說是肇事因素之一,但這也是過失傷害的問題,跟肇事逃
逸沒關係
另外支線道應讓主線道先行,所謂的讓主線道先行 就是支線道車要確保「完全不會有與
主線道車」發生碰撞的危險,才能通過。當然,實際上我們開車可能都沒辦法做到這件事
,但沒發生交通事故,當然就沒事,一旦發生交通事故,到法庭上,依法判決的結果就是
你要讓主線道車先行通過,確保一切安全後,支線道車才能駛入交岔路口。就跟測速照相
可以容許你時速高於速限10公里一樣,但一旦發生車禍,超過1公里還是超速。 這件女老
師明知前方有貨車要轉,正常防衛性駕駛在不確定貨車能否順利轉彎前 應該要停在停止
線後方 或只能車頭突出一點點,但這件女老師很明顯就是跟在貨車後方想直接轉,完全
沒有考慮到支線道應讓幹線道先行。 這就像路口左轉非常容易車禍的情況 — 前方車左
轉就跟著轉,這種中一旦發生交通事故,就是轉彎車未讓直行車先行。
--
釋之後因為「肇事」太狹義而且在文義上「肇事」這個詞隱約帶有「駕駛人有過失」的意
涵 為了保護人車安全 因此在修法後條文變成「駕駛動力交通工具發生交通事故」 就是
在彰顯不管有無過失,可否歸責於駕駛人,只要發生交通事故,駕駛人就有留在現場的義
務。
至於這件女老師認為車禍跟她無關,所以應該不是她與人發生交通事故,但這層因果關係
不是當事人可以自己認定的,否則一旦發生交通事故,任何人都可以主觀認定自己不是發
生交通事故的一方就離去,那立法目的 — 保護人車安全就沒有辦法達到。
誠然一般人想像中的「發生交通事故」,都是直接車碰車那種,但日常審判中碰到沒有發
生碰撞的情況 大概佔了收案的20%以上。曾經碰過一個計程車司機從得來速出來,直接橫
跨三個車道切進內側車道,當然交通規則沒有規定不能連續變換車道,但這個司機直接從
路外切到最內側車道,造成騎在最內側車道的機車煞避不及而跌倒受傷,這時候計程車司
機當然是「發生交通事故的一方」,縱然沒有發生碰撞。又有碰過汽車在路邊停車格打左
方向燈要起駛,但外線有機車在慢車道行駛,因為看到汽車車頭突然冒出來緊張而摔倒,
這種情況汽車也應該是發生交通事故的一方。
這件女老師從監視器畫面明顯可以看出在機車騎士跌倒前,原本停滯在交岔路口中間,卻
突然往左移動,此時造成機車騎士跌倒,很難說女老師沒有與機車發生交通事故。如果女
老師完全靜止在交岔路口中間,那可能還有轉圜餘地,但這件女老師很明顯就有在動。
更何況,關鍵點在發生交通事故後,機車騎士大力拍打汽車的車窗,這時候女老師顯然就
知道交通事故發生了,更何況她回家還跟別人說「剛剛發生很好笑的事等語」,更可以證
明女老師知道交通事故發生。在不能自己判斷因果關係存在與否的情形下,當然就是應該
留在現場等警察來。至於其後有沒有過失傷害的問題 那不是肇事逃逸罪要討論的事
很多人會說:那以後在交岔路口隨便有人自摔,是不是全部人都要停下來? 我想粗暴的
言論duck不必,本件客觀上機車騎士就已經有拍打女老師的車窗,且這件車禍可能
是肇事因素的人就是女老師和機車騎士2人,如果無限上綱成每個人都要停下來,那或許
過度推論了一些。
至於這件機車騎士在判決中也有說是肇事因素之一,但這也是過失傷害的問題,跟肇事逃
逸沒關係
另外支線道應讓主線道先行,所謂的讓主線道先行 就是支線道車要確保「完全不會有與
主線道車」發生碰撞的危險,才能通過。當然,實際上我們開車可能都沒辦法做到這件事
,但沒發生交通事故,當然就沒事,一旦發生交通事故,到法庭上,依法判決的結果就是
你要讓主線道車先行通過,確保一切安全後,支線道車才能駛入交岔路口。就跟測速照相
可以容許你時速高於速限10公里一樣,但一旦發生車禍,超過1公里還是超速。 這件女老
師明知前方有貨車要轉,正常防衛性駕駛在不確定貨車能否順利轉彎前 應該要停在停止
線後方 或只能車頭突出一點點,但這件女老師很明顯就是跟在貨車後方想直接轉,完全
沒有考慮到支線道應讓幹線道先行。 這就像路口左轉非常容易車禍的情況 — 前方車左
轉就跟著轉,這種中一旦發生交通事故,就是轉彎車未讓直行車先行。
--
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