石油公司高層假扮Elon Musk騙取機密 - 汽車
By Barb Cronin
at 2016-09-16T02:35
at 2016-09-16T02:35
Table of Contents
不管怎麼看,發電廠都比內燃機的轉換效率還高很多,所以說我不懂為什麼
不支持電動車或燃料電池?發電廠排的溫室氣體至少集中且可密集檢測,
馬路上到處跑的汽機車噴的黑煙裡面有多少致癌物你有可能一台一台驗嗎?
我知道一定會有血管裡裝汽油的粉絲說電力有傳輸耗損問題,難道汽油就沒有
傳輸和儲存問題嗎?汽油內燃機的發展幾乎已經到瓶頸了,1L的渦輪引擎雖然
高效能,但高昂的售價和複雜的零件讓他還是沒有辦法普及化。
那為什麼不改支持燃料電池或純電動車呢?GOGORO那種沒誠意的賺錢公司除外。
內燃機︰以石油為燃料的內燃機雖已相當進步、經濟、可靠,但也終於達到了極限。
即使不斷改良,目前的內燃機汽車將燃料內含的能量轉換為動力的效率,
仍然僅有20~25%,最高效率為30%,柴油引擎又比汽油引擎高30%左右。
太陽能發電:實際上,太陽光中的紫外光、紅外光、較微弱或非直射的散光
人類目前的太陽能系統都無法使用,發電效率可能比你想像中的還低,
市面上一般人買得起的 PV,不論是集中式或非集中式,發電效率都在 35%上下。
目前全世界最強大的光伏板發電效率連 50% 都不到,成本卻高到只有NASA等級
的機構才買得起。
火力發電:工業上發電機的典型熱效率對於燃煤或燃油大約在33%左右,
燃氣聯合循環電廠可達50%。
※威爾士Baglan Bay的聯合循環發電廠是世界上效率最高的火力發電廠,
包含燃氣渦輪的布雷頓循環和HRSG(餘熱鍋爐)的郎肯循環,熱效率接近60 %
燃料電池:燃料電池發電裝置︰最高效率為55%
質子交換膜燃料電池包含兩片薄而多孔的電極,分別是陽極與陰極,
中間隔著僅容質子通過的高分子膜電解質以此產生電力。
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參考資料:科學人2002年第10期12月號
http://sa.ylib.com/MagCont.aspx?PageIdx=3&Unit=featurearticles&Cate=&id=150&year=
維基百科:https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/熱效率
維基百科:https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/火力發電廠
泛科技:https://panx.asia/archives/44231
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