高速公路真的不要跟太緊 - 汽車
By Donna
at 2019-11-27T03:20
at 2019-11-27T03:20
Table of Contents
小弟利用影片編輯軟體來算一下車速跟距離
首先Tierra撞擊前的平均車速利用標線來計算
從影片0.14秒到5.29秒,這期間車子移動了130公尺
所以Tierra撞擊前的平均車速約為90.87km/h
然後以下列出幾個關鍵時間點
5.13秒 CR-V 煞車燈亮開始急煞
6.11秒 Tierra開使急煞(車頭前傾)
7.17秒 碰撞
可以看出Tierra的反應時間為0.98秒
(0.98秒的反應時間其實已經算不錯的了,反應時間是"感知+判斷+動作")
平均正常人到執行煞車反應時間需要2.3秒,警覺的駕駛差不多1秒
"https://copradar.com/redlight/factors/IEA2000_ABS51.pdf"
然後撇開反應時間不談
Tierra從煞車到撞擊總共跑了20m
也就是要部撞到Tierra必須在20公尺內從時速90.87km/h降到靜止
這大概連911等級的車都很吃緊,反觀CR-V煞停花了30公尺,表示安全距離有留好
所以不要講什麼煞車太爛,沒ABS之類
不要認為自己面對相同狀況能好到哪去,安全距離留出來才是正確的
另外Call032ss大的觀點,其實我覺得不是很贊同
輕放煞車讓輪保持在最大靜摩擦力
這其實是非常困難的,通常輪胎開始叫的時候,其實離最大極限還有一段距離
這中間的拿捏通常是在可預測且有準備的狀況下,而不是不到1秒的緊急狀況
況且在乾地,其實採到鎖死跟最大竟摩擦力的差距並不大
放鬆煞車很多狀況其實比鎖死煞車距離還更遠,可以看下圖
https://i.imgur.com/67COq9m.jpg
不是每個人都是F1車手,況且連F1車手在可預測的情形下還是常常鎖死
以下節錄F-1車隊的說明
Lock-ups are a relatively common phenomenon in Formula One. They happen when
too much force is applied to the brakes, causing the disc to stop or rotate
slower than the car's motion. The tyre then scrubs along the surface of the
track, sometimes creating white smoke. While you can see this happen
relatively often in F1, lock-ups have become very rare in the road car world.
There are two reasons for that. Aerodynamics play a major role in Formula One
and mean that the faster an F1 car goes, the more downforce it creates.
Drivers therefore typically hit the brake pedal harder when entering a
braking zone as this is when the car has its maximum stopping potential,
before easing off as they get towards the turning phase to try and avoid a
lock-up.
F-1車手使用的技巧的確是放鬆,但是並不是保持在最大靜摩擦力
而是在高速採重,低速放鬆以避免鎖死
同一個跑道這些F-1車手不知道練了幾次了,比賽還是常常看的到鎖死
一般人在緊急情況還要抓最大靜摩擦力根本不太可能
至於call032ss大回文中說的Cadence braking
Cadence braking的好處是在溼滑路面能重新掌握車輛,而不是減少煞車距離
下圖為煞車距離比較
Cadence braking煞車距離不會比鎖死短
尤其是乾地
https://i.imgur.com/jzT1miP.jpg
※ 引述《call032ss (call)》之銘言:
: 另外給下面推要Tierra去改剎車的人
: 這很明顯是因為沒有ABS加上輪胎抓地力不足鎖死造成的
: 正確應該是:
: 1.適當的輕放剎車,保持車輪在要轉不轉之間,保持輪胎處在最大靜摩擦力
: 2.換抓地力更好的輪胎
: 3.改開有ABS的車,剎車踏板一腳踩到底沒煩惱
--
首先Tierra撞擊前的平均車速利用標線來計算
從影片0.14秒到5.29秒,這期間車子移動了130公尺
所以Tierra撞擊前的平均車速約為90.87km/h
然後以下列出幾個關鍵時間點
5.13秒 CR-V 煞車燈亮開始急煞
6.11秒 Tierra開使急煞(車頭前傾)
7.17秒 碰撞
可以看出Tierra的反應時間為0.98秒
(0.98秒的反應時間其實已經算不錯的了,反應時間是"感知+判斷+動作")
平均正常人到執行煞車反應時間需要2.3秒,警覺的駕駛差不多1秒
"https://copradar.com/redlight/factors/IEA2000_ABS51.pdf"
然後撇開反應時間不談
Tierra從煞車到撞擊總共跑了20m
也就是要部撞到Tierra必須在20公尺內從時速90.87km/h降到靜止
這大概連911等級的車都很吃緊,反觀CR-V煞停花了30公尺,表示安全距離有留好
所以不要講什麼煞車太爛,沒ABS之類
不要認為自己面對相同狀況能好到哪去,安全距離留出來才是正確的
另外Call032ss大的觀點,其實我覺得不是很贊同
輕放煞車讓輪保持在最大靜摩擦力
這其實是非常困難的,通常輪胎開始叫的時候,其實離最大極限還有一段距離
這中間的拿捏通常是在可預測且有準備的狀況下,而不是不到1秒的緊急狀況
況且在乾地,其實採到鎖死跟最大竟摩擦力的差距並不大
放鬆煞車很多狀況其實比鎖死煞車距離還更遠,可以看下圖
https://i.imgur.com/67COq9m.jpg
不是每個人都是F1車手,況且連F1車手在可預測的情形下還是常常鎖死
以下節錄F-1車隊的說明
Lock-ups are a relatively common phenomenon in Formula One. They happen when
too much force is applied to the brakes, causing the disc to stop or rotate
slower than the car's motion. The tyre then scrubs along the surface of the
track, sometimes creating white smoke. While you can see this happen
relatively often in F1, lock-ups have become very rare in the road car world.
There are two reasons for that. Aerodynamics play a major role in Formula One
and mean that the faster an F1 car goes, the more downforce it creates.
Drivers therefore typically hit the brake pedal harder when entering a
braking zone as this is when the car has its maximum stopping potential,
before easing off as they get towards the turning phase to try and avoid a
lock-up.
F-1車手使用的技巧的確是放鬆,但是並不是保持在最大靜摩擦力
而是在高速採重,低速放鬆以避免鎖死
同一個跑道這些F-1車手不知道練了幾次了,比賽還是常常看的到鎖死
一般人在緊急情況還要抓最大靜摩擦力根本不太可能
至於call032ss大回文中說的Cadence braking
Cadence braking的好處是在溼滑路面能重新掌握車輛,而不是減少煞車距離
下圖為煞車距離比較
Cadence braking煞車距離不會比鎖死短
尤其是乾地
https://i.imgur.com/jzT1miP.jpg
※ 引述《call032ss (call)》之銘言:
: 另外給下面推要Tierra去改剎車的人
: 這很明顯是因為沒有ABS加上輪胎抓地力不足鎖死造成的
: 正確應該是:
: 1.適當的輕放剎車,保持車輪在要轉不轉之間,保持輪胎處在最大靜摩擦力
: 2.換抓地力更好的輪胎
: 3.改開有ABS的車,剎車踏板一腳踩到底沒煩惱
--
Tags:
汽車
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