Elon Musk 剛說了Model 3 換電池要多 - 特斯拉
By Andrew
at 2019-04-15T22:02
at 2019-04-15T22:02
Table of Contents
不想吵架了,正經講一些你不了解的事情來回答你
幾乎全部都是我以前就寫過的文章講的東西:
※ 引述《suntex01 (tears in my heart)》之銘言:
: 我是不知道分不清battery pack跟battery module都分不清的人有什麼資格嗆別人英文.
: 虧你還是教主,連tesla車子的battery pck 跟module有什麼差別都不知道.
: 歐對了,我忘了你不是車主,而且又是出了名的不愛作功課的人.
: 不要說是我故意隱藏什麼,可是麻煩你把你的眼屎猜擦乾淨仔細看MUsk的Twitter.
: 人家怎麼寫的?
: [Replacing modules (not pack) will only cost $5k to $7k.]
: 人家都說是module 了你還硬凹是 整組電池...
Tesla Model 3 關於電池的組成是這樣的,以長續航版為例:
Model 3 的電池組(pack)內有四個模組(module) 構成,其中兩個模組由25個電
池單元構成,另外兩個模組由23個電池單元構成。每個電池單元有46個2170電
池,總共有4416顆2170電池。(來源:#1RTkVboO (car) )
除了這4416顆2170電池外,Model 3 的電池組還高度整合了各項跟電有關的系
統,只有螢幕、AP 電腦、PTC 加熱器、空調系統、轉向系統、車窗升降這些安
裝在車體其他部位,其他有關於電的系統幾乎全部整合在電池組上面了。像是
BMS、高壓管理系統、12V 電源輸出、PCS、充電接口、超充組件、爆炸式保險
絲.....等等(來源:#1RkL23TS (car) 內的影片都有提到 )
可以說是跟電有關的系統全部都在這了,這是跟Model S/X 最大的不同,S/X
很多系統都還是裝設在電池組以外的位置(可能是因可快速更換式的設計考量)
詳細的布局如下:(electrek 圖片支援)
https://i.imgur.com/qCKJpz4.jpg
1. Charge port connector
2. Fast charge contactor assembly
3. Coolant line to PCS
4. PCS – Power Conversion System
5. HVC – High Voltage Controller
6. Low voltage connector to HVC from the vehicle
7. 12V output from PCS
8. Positive HV power switch
9. Coolant line to PCS
10. HV connector to cabin heater and compressor
11. Cabin heater, compressor and PCS DC output fuse
12. HV connector to rear drive unit
13. HV pyro fuse
15. HV connector to front drive unit
16. Negative HV power switch
17. Connector for 3 phase AC charging
註:14 應該是一般保險絲
有這麼多系統在這,整合程度又這麼高,都被裝在電池組前端的一個小盒子裡,
這種設計在目前其他任何電動車上都未曾見過,當然其成本也不低。所以只更
換電池模組才是合理的,那麼多好東西沒壞為何要換?
: 他特別在()裡寫,"not pack"你是沒看到?
: 所以你到底是選擇性失明還是真英文差到連這麼重要的部分都看不懂?
: 假如真的是全部module換掉只要要$5k~$7k,那幹麻不整組pack卸下來換新的就好?
: 整個pack最貴的東西都要換掉的話,幹麻還拆pack換module?
其他東西也很貴!
: 讀東西不是只有看英文,還要動點腦.
: 補上eletrek寫的...
: Tesla specifically designed Model 3 to focus on battery module replacements
: instead of changing the whole battery pack.
: Unlike the Model S and Model X battery pack architecture, which is made of
: many battery modules (up to 16), Model 3’s battery pack architecture is made
: of only 4 battery modules.
: 重點來了:
: It enables Tesla to just swap the battery modules as needed instead of
: replacing the whole pack with the BMS and all the other electronics attached
: to it.
: 這段你可以自己去餵狗看是什麼意思.到底是所有的模組換掉,還是換單個模組的價格.
: 再來,你看懂的噓文的重點嗎? 噓文重點在於Model 3大幅減少模組數量.
: 你是故意忽略我說model s/x是很多的模組綁一起?
看文不要只看一半,eletrek 這文章最後也說了:
概翻:
╭──────────────────────────────────╮
│I think that is likely on the optimistic side of the spectrum, │
│but I don’t think it is impossible. │
│這非常非常樂觀,但也不是不可能 │
│.... │
│Separately, Elon could be getting us a good idea of where Tesla │
│is at when it comes to battery cost. │
│另外,Elon(的說法)或可讓我們知道Tesla 的電池成本的範圍 │
│ │
│Assuming that “$5,000 to $7,000” for the battery modules means │
│the cost for the Standard Range Plus and Long Range battery modules,│
│it would mean a cost of roughly $100 per kWh at the battery module │
│level, which I think makes sense. │
│假設 “$5,000 to $7,000” 是指Standard Range Plus 版和Long Range 版 │
│的電池模組們的成本,那麼在電池模組這級別上的成本約為$100/kWh,我認為│
│這是有道理的。 │
╰──────────────────────────────────╯
你引用的eletrek 也是支持$5k ~ $7k 是更換所有模組的成本,並且認為這很
有道理。也跟我的看法類似,認為電池模組成本是在$100/kWh左右。而事實上,
不只他這樣說,美國ptt - Reddit 上的討論多數人也是支持這種觀點:
https://i.imgur.com/LbeOD3V.png
甚至其中還有更換過電池組(pack)的車主提供了Tesla 給的電池組報價是$13k:
https://i.imgur.com/yYdcul7.png
這些都顯示以英語為母語的人多數也是認為$5k ~ $7k 是更換所有模組的成本。
: 然後講到電池平恆你會不會有點搞笑?
: 首先,你不要去查一下Li-io跟LiPo4電池特性最大的差別在哪?
: 偷偷告訴你,是平衡的問題.
: 以tesla都做到多個模組還是有cell-level bms,你覺得平衡會是個問題?
: 你知道你講這邏輯有多差嗎?你知道BMS是拿來幹麻的嗎?
: 以160,000mi 電池衰退不到10%來看,裝新module,平衡會是大問題嗎?
你完全忽略掉Elon 在講這句話的前提是什麼了:
╭────────────────────────────────╮
│Elon Musk │
│ │
│回覆給 @Gfilche │
│ │
│Model 3 drive unit & body is designed like a commercial truck │
│for a million mile life. Current battery modules should last │
│300k to 500k miles (1500 cycles). Replacing modules (not pack) │
│will only cost $5k to $7k. │
│ │
│上午12:18 - 2019年4月14日 │
╰────────────────────────────────╯
Elon 是在講已經行駛30萬 ~ 50萬英里(約48萬公里 ~ 80萬公里)、電池循環約
1500次的狀況下,這時可不是只有衰退不到10% 那麼簡單而已,以Tesla 的保
固標準來看,他們可能預期這時電池已經會衰退到不足以工作了(大約是70%),
而鋰電池的特性之一就是一開始衰退的快、之後很快就會緩和:
(來源:#1O6BXAyL、#1Oy2wH0g、#1QqjmL1p (car) )
https://i.imgur.com/N1B917a.jpg
而對於一般市面的鋰電池壽命與循環次數的研究顯示:
(來源:http://bit.ly/2Z9aQYp)
https://i.imgur.com/9KuvC6Q.jpg
可以看到當循環次數大到一定程度後,其容量的衰退程度大幅度增加,可以預
期Tesla 的鋰電池也會有這種特性。所以當循環次數達到了約1500次,某個模
組壞了需要更換,那其他三個模組就算還沒壞那也差不多了,所以在這種狀況
下根本不可能一次只換一個模組,一定會是四個全換掉。BMS 設計的目的並不
是讓容量只有70% 的三個舊模組與一個容量100% 的新模組一起工作的,它的
目的是要精細控制各個電池(cells)充放電時的電量、電壓平衡。
這才是Elon 講$5k ~ $7k 時的情境。
不管是從成本分析、或者是去看Elon 當時講話的情境,都顯示了他所謂的
"Replacing modules" 指的是一次更換所有模組,而不是只換一個。
: 更何況電池壞掉不是只有因為衰退好嗎?有時候其他電池問題也會造成需要換模組.
: 特斯拉保固內維修電池早就有在用更換模組的方式了.
: 最後...他推特寫的是""Replacing modules will only cost $5k to $7k"
: "will"是什麼意思你懂嗎?他用未來式.
: 所以到底什麼時候能用$5k~$7k換電池模組...who knows?
: 他有跟你說是現在?明天?不知道為什麼拿個寫得不清不楚的推特就在那邊自爽啥的?
--
宅男Elon Musk 18年年底與Tesla 員工聚會:
https://i.imgur.com/M3p884k.png
--
幾乎全部都是我以前就寫過的文章講的東西:
※ 引述《suntex01 (tears in my heart)》之銘言:
: 我是不知道分不清battery pack跟battery module都分不清的人有什麼資格嗆別人英文.
: 虧你還是教主,連tesla車子的battery pck 跟module有什麼差別都不知道.
: 歐對了,我忘了你不是車主,而且又是出了名的不愛作功課的人.
: 不要說是我故意隱藏什麼,可是麻煩你把你的眼屎猜擦乾淨仔細看MUsk的Twitter.
: 人家怎麼寫的?
: [Replacing modules (not pack) will only cost $5k to $7k.]
: 人家都說是module 了你還硬凹是 整組電池...
Tesla Model 3 關於電池的組成是這樣的,以長續航版為例:
Model 3 的電池組(pack)內有四個模組(module) 構成,其中兩個模組由25個電
池單元構成,另外兩個模組由23個電池單元構成。每個電池單元有46個2170電
池,總共有4416顆2170電池。(來源:#1RTkVboO (car) )
除了這4416顆2170電池外,Model 3 的電池組還高度整合了各項跟電有關的系
統,只有螢幕、AP 電腦、PTC 加熱器、空調系統、轉向系統、車窗升降這些安
裝在車體其他部位,其他有關於電的系統幾乎全部整合在電池組上面了。像是
BMS、高壓管理系統、12V 電源輸出、PCS、充電接口、超充組件、爆炸式保險
絲.....等等(來源:#1RkL23TS (car) 內的影片都有提到 )
可以說是跟電有關的系統全部都在這了,這是跟Model S/X 最大的不同,S/X
很多系統都還是裝設在電池組以外的位置(可能是因可快速更換式的設計考量)
詳細的布局如下:(electrek 圖片支援)
https://i.imgur.com/qCKJpz4.jpg
1. Charge port connector
2. Fast charge contactor assembly
3. Coolant line to PCS
4. PCS – Power Conversion System
5. HVC – High Voltage Controller
6. Low voltage connector to HVC from the vehicle
7. 12V output from PCS
8. Positive HV power switch
9. Coolant line to PCS
10. HV connector to cabin heater and compressor
11. Cabin heater, compressor and PCS DC output fuse
12. HV connector to rear drive unit
13. HV pyro fuse
15. HV connector to front drive unit
16. Negative HV power switch
17. Connector for 3 phase AC charging
註:14 應該是一般保險絲
有這麼多系統在這,整合程度又這麼高,都被裝在電池組前端的一個小盒子裡,
這種設計在目前其他任何電動車上都未曾見過,當然其成本也不低。所以只更
換電池模組才是合理的,那麼多好東西沒壞為何要換?
: 他特別在()裡寫,"not pack"你是沒看到?
: 所以你到底是選擇性失明還是真英文差到連這麼重要的部分都看不懂?
: 假如真的是全部module換掉只要要$5k~$7k,那幹麻不整組pack卸下來換新的就好?
: 整個pack最貴的東西都要換掉的話,幹麻還拆pack換module?
其他東西也很貴!
: 讀東西不是只有看英文,還要動點腦.
: 補上eletrek寫的...
: Tesla specifically designed Model 3 to focus on battery module replacements
: instead of changing the whole battery pack.
: Unlike the Model S and Model X battery pack architecture, which is made of
: many battery modules (up to 16), Model 3’s battery pack architecture is made
: of only 4 battery modules.
: 重點來了:
: It enables Tesla to just swap the battery modules as needed instead of
: replacing the whole pack with the BMS and all the other electronics attached
: to it.
: 這段你可以自己去餵狗看是什麼意思.到底是所有的模組換掉,還是換單個模組的價格.
: 再來,你看懂的噓文的重點嗎? 噓文重點在於Model 3大幅減少模組數量.
: 你是故意忽略我說model s/x是很多的模組綁一起?
看文不要只看一半,eletrek 這文章最後也說了:
概翻:
╭──────────────────────────────────╮
│I think that is likely on the optimistic side of the spectrum, │
│but I don’t think it is impossible. │
│這非常非常樂觀,但也不是不可能 │
│.... │
│Separately, Elon could be getting us a good idea of where Tesla │
│is at when it comes to battery cost. │
│另外,Elon(的說法)或可讓我們知道Tesla 的電池成本的範圍 │
│ │
│Assuming that “$5,000 to $7,000” for the battery modules means │
│the cost for the Standard Range Plus and Long Range battery modules,│
│it would mean a cost of roughly $100 per kWh at the battery module │
│level, which I think makes sense. │
│假設 “$5,000 to $7,000” 是指Standard Range Plus 版和Long Range 版 │
│的電池模組們的成本,那麼在電池模組這級別上的成本約為$100/kWh,我認為│
│這是有道理的。 │
╰──────────────────────────────────╯
你引用的eletrek 也是支持$5k ~ $7k 是更換所有模組的成本,並且認為這很
有道理。也跟我的看法類似,認為電池模組成本是在$100/kWh左右。而事實上,
不只他這樣說,美國ptt - Reddit 上的討論多數人也是支持這種觀點:
https://i.imgur.com/LbeOD3V.png
甚至其中還有更換過電池組(pack)的車主提供了Tesla 給的電池組報價是$13k:
https://i.imgur.com/yYdcul7.png
這些都顯示以英語為母語的人多數也是認為$5k ~ $7k 是更換所有模組的成本。
: 然後講到電池平恆你會不會有點搞笑?
: 首先,你不要去查一下Li-io跟LiPo4電池特性最大的差別在哪?
: 偷偷告訴你,是平衡的問題.
: 以tesla都做到多個模組還是有cell-level bms,你覺得平衡會是個問題?
: 你知道你講這邏輯有多差嗎?你知道BMS是拿來幹麻的嗎?
: 以160,000mi 電池衰退不到10%來看,裝新module,平衡會是大問題嗎?
你完全忽略掉Elon 在講這句話的前提是什麼了:
╭────────────────────────────────╮
│Elon Musk │
│ │
│回覆給 @Gfilche │
│ │
│Model 3 drive unit & body is designed like a commercial truck │
│for a million mile life. Current battery modules should last │
│300k to 500k miles (1500 cycles). Replacing modules (not pack) │
│will only cost $5k to $7k. │
│ │
│上午12:18 - 2019年4月14日 │
╰────────────────────────────────╯
Elon 是在講已經行駛30萬 ~ 50萬英里(約48萬公里 ~ 80萬公里)、電池循環約
1500次的狀況下,這時可不是只有衰退不到10% 那麼簡單而已,以Tesla 的保
固標準來看,他們可能預期這時電池已經會衰退到不足以工作了(大約是70%),
而鋰電池的特性之一就是一開始衰退的快、之後很快就會緩和:
(來源:#1O6BXAyL、#1Oy2wH0g、#1QqjmL1p (car) )
https://i.imgur.com/N1B917a.jpg
而對於一般市面的鋰電池壽命與循環次數的研究顯示:
(來源:http://bit.ly/2Z9aQYp)
https://i.imgur.com/9KuvC6Q.jpg
可以看到當循環次數大到一定程度後,其容量的衰退程度大幅度增加,可以預
期Tesla 的鋰電池也會有這種特性。所以當循環次數達到了約1500次,某個模
組壞了需要更換,那其他三個模組就算還沒壞那也差不多了,所以在這種狀況
下根本不可能一次只換一個模組,一定會是四個全換掉。BMS 設計的目的並不
是讓容量只有70% 的三個舊模組與一個容量100% 的新模組一起工作的,它的
目的是要精細控制各個電池(cells)充放電時的電量、電壓平衡。
這才是Elon 講$5k ~ $7k 時的情境。
不管是從成本分析、或者是去看Elon 當時講話的情境,都顯示了他所謂的
"Replacing modules" 指的是一次更換所有模組,而不是只換一個。
: 更何況電池壞掉不是只有因為衰退好嗎?有時候其他電池問題也會造成需要換模組.
: 特斯拉保固內維修電池早就有在用更換模組的方式了.
: 最後...他推特寫的是""Replacing modules will only cost $5k to $7k"
: "will"是什麼意思你懂嗎?他用未來式.
: 所以到底什麼時候能用$5k~$7k換電池模組...who knows?
: 他有跟你說是現在?明天?不知道為什麼拿個寫得不清不楚的推特就在那邊自爽啥的?
--
宅男Elon Musk 18年年底與Tesla 員工聚會:
https://i.imgur.com/M3p884k.png
--
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at 2019-06-08T12:44
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at 2019-06-20T03:16
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at 2019-06-25T15:53
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at 2019-06-25T19:20
at 2019-06-25T19:20
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at 2019-06-29T10:06
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at 2019-07-04T08:57
at 2019-07-04T08:57
By Victoria
at 2019-07-08T04:57
at 2019-07-08T04:57
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at 2019-07-08T11:55
at 2019-07-08T11:55
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at 2019-07-12T07:47
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at 2019-07-16T18:42
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at 2019-07-21T08:10
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at 2020-02-24T14:55
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