有關麥拉崙的尾翼爭議 - 一級方程式賽車 Formula One
By Andy
at 2010-03-05T09:35
at 2010-03-05T09:35
Table of Contents
有時候我真的很討厭看到這種事XDD
尤其這幾年沒事就會燒到麥隊頭上.....
不過,這就是F1
你既然不是硬性規定套件格式而只是給個formula
那麼,在formula 的解釋上爭戰應該也就不是很意外
以下就小弟我理解的嘗試解釋一下,有錯請更正
終究小弟也只是個靠著人云亦云稍微懂一丁點飛機設計的文科學生而已....
簡單的說,爭議在麥拉崙的尾翼開槽
現在的空力規則規定,大家屁股上的尾翼都只能有兩片
而麥拉崙選擇了在上面那片尾翼的中間挖了一條細細的槽
但這個槽還沒有到會把上面那一片變成兩片的地步
而紅牛的霍納先生則堅持認為這已經是變成實質上的三片尾翼了
那麥拉崙挖這個槽要幹嘛?
配合麥拉崙設計的,往尾翼上吹風的新鯊魚鰭概念
傳聞說的神乎其神說這是一兼二固摸蛤仔兼洗褲
先講一個一個大家都知道的賽車空力設計常識:
『靠尾翼取得下壓力是一種零和遊戲』
尾翼豎高,下壓力增加,就增加阻力
尾翼打平,阻力變少,但下壓力就降低
那麥拉崙的這條『可以往裡面吹風的神奇小縫縫』怎麼打破這個零和?
首先,似乎麥拉崙的高層尾翼比其他車隊都似乎極端一點,裝置角也比較大
大抵去年尾部亂飄,沒事高速彎轉著就往碎石堆裡飄去的搞到怕了
新車對於尾巴下壓力非常重視
但這樣如前所述會增加阻力喪失直線速度,於是麥隊在尾翼上挖了條縫
在直線時這個縫讓尾翼漏風,再加上因為跑直線從背鰭那邊吹來的高速氣流加壓
就會起到讓上層尾翼一部份『失速』(stall)的效果,
(所謂失速者,中文翻譯完全不達意,應該說是翅膀表面氣流剝離讓翅膀不產生作用)
所以,即便在同樣的尾翼裝置角之下,麥隊的直線尾翼阻力也低於其他隊
但低速時因為背鰭吹過來的氣流速度變慢了,所以尾翼就不失速了改產生下壓力
然再慢背鰭還是有在吹風呀,這時候背鰭風+尾翼又起到飛機那種『邊界層控制』的效果
(boundary control,常見於一些慢速飛行控制上,F-104就有)
也幫助了車輛在慢速時產生下壓力XDDD
麥隊2005年發明那個牛角也是發揮這個作用
靠,這樣講起來有沒有很神奇
好似麥隊把05年牛角+09年擴散器的概念一傢伙統合起來變成今年的尾翼設計
那個縫還得設計的剛剛好大小才行,不然慢速時也給你『尾翼失速』就好笑了
想想這得耗費多大的空力設計資源跟風洞work
不過其實並不是新概念
以前尾翼可以裝裝n片時,大家都可以透過尾翼片數&角度調整來搞這套
(看看MP4/13那個精美的尾翼組…前面兩片,後面三片,底下還兩三片,還可以調角度)
也不用什麼鯊魚鰭還吹風囉唆的要死
那問題是現在FIA說尾翼只能兩片,而麥隊鑽了空子在尾翼上挖縫又往尾翼上吹風
所以笨笨的採用代價更大的『排氣管往擴散器吹風』手段,"老實"的紅牛就不爽了
霍納說:『大家都知道可以在尾翼上搞失速的把戲,以前大家都這樣幹
但現在尾翼受限我們就不能這樣幹了,所以我們希望FIA澄清
麥拉崙的設計是不是合法的,法拉利那邊也是一樣………….』
但麥拉崙馬上反嗆:
『沒事找事,而且我們剛剛跟法拉利聯繫過,他們說不知道這回事』
法拉利那邊的消息也似乎指出他們不願追究這件事了
大概是因為他們也在輪轂設計上鑽空子的原因
(今年也不準用輪轂蓋了,於是法拉利把腦袋動到輪圈本身的形式上…)
總之,這種八仙過海,然後過了海大家一起上法院打官司
呂洞賓告藍采禾,何仙姑告曹國舅的把戲
也是看F1的樂趣之一.....
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