簧下重量:轉動慣量vs車重 物理問題 - 汽車
By Suhail Hany
at 2017-02-13T22:02
at 2017-02-13T22:02
Table of Contents
小弟用粗淺的高中數學(應該是高中吧?),計算簧下重量與車重的比較
1. 假設條件
輪框 = 10kg (18吋)
輪胎 = 10kg (225/40R18)
碟盤 = 10kg (300mm)
車體重 = 1500kg (不含胎框碟)
然後計算靜止到時速100所需的能量,只看重量變化,其他摩擦力沒有算
E轉動動能 = 1/2*Iw^2
E移動動能 = 1/2*MV^2
---------------------------------------------------------
2. 轉動
轉動慣量I = MR^2
(皆以外徑計算)
M框 = 10 kg
R框 = 18in/2 = 0.23 m
I框 = MR^2 = 0.52 kg*m^2
M胎 = 10kg
R胎 = 胎厚+R框 = 225*0.40/1000 + 0.23 m = 0.32 m
I胎 = MR^2 = 1.02 kg*m^2
M碟 = 10kg
R碟 = 300mm/2 = 0.15 m
I碟 = MR^2 = 0.23 kg*m^2
I總計 = 0.53 + 1.02 + 0.23 = 1.76 kg*m^2
時速V = 100 km/hr = 27.8 m/s
輪胎轉速w = V/R = 27.8/0.32 = 87.2 θ/s
E轉動動能 = 1/2*Iw^2 = 1/2*1.76*87.2^2*4輪 = 26798 J
---------------------------------------------------------
3. 移動
車重 + 胎框蝶 = 1500 + (10+10+10)*4輪 = 1620kg
E移動動能 = 1/2*MV^2 = 1/2*1620*27.8^2 = 625000 J
---------------------------------------------------------
總能量E = 26798 + 625000 = 651798 J
---------------------------------------------------------
俗話說簧下1公斤,簧上10公斤
以下代入各胎框碟4輪各減少1kg時,與原始651798 J比較,再看等效車重是多少
輪框減少1kg(共4kg),總能量649460 J = 減少2338 J
約等於車重減少6kg, 總能量649483 J = 減少2315 J
4:6 = 1:1.5
輪胎減少1kg(共4kg),總能量648711 J = 減少3087 J
約等於車重減少8kg, 總能量648711 J = 減少3087 J
4:8 = 1:2
碟盤減少1kg(共4kg),總能量649912 J = 減少1886 J
約等於車重減少5kg, 總能量649869 J = 減少1929 J
4:5 = 1:1.25
---------------------------------------------------------
結論&問題
1. 與1:10好像差蠻多的,而且我只用外徑算,轉動慣量會偏大,
若用積分算(最小I = 1/2 ( R1^2 + R2^2 ),等效車重還會少1~2kg
2. 轉動 vs 移動 = 26798 : 625000 = 4.3%
比例差蠻多的,所以簧下重量變化的影響很小,不知道是不是哪裡錯了?
請各位高手幫忙看看並分享意見,謝謝!!
--
1. 假設條件
輪框 = 10kg (18吋)
輪胎 = 10kg (225/40R18)
碟盤 = 10kg (300mm)
車體重 = 1500kg (不含胎框碟)
然後計算靜止到時速100所需的能量,只看重量變化,其他摩擦力沒有算
E轉動動能 = 1/2*Iw^2
E移動動能 = 1/2*MV^2
---------------------------------------------------------
2. 轉動
轉動慣量I = MR^2
(皆以外徑計算)
M框 = 10 kg
R框 = 18in/2 = 0.23 m
I框 = MR^2 = 0.52 kg*m^2
M胎 = 10kg
R胎 = 胎厚+R框 = 225*0.40/1000 + 0.23 m = 0.32 m
I胎 = MR^2 = 1.02 kg*m^2
M碟 = 10kg
R碟 = 300mm/2 = 0.15 m
I碟 = MR^2 = 0.23 kg*m^2
I總計 = 0.53 + 1.02 + 0.23 = 1.76 kg*m^2
時速V = 100 km/hr = 27.8 m/s
輪胎轉速w = V/R = 27.8/0.32 = 87.2 θ/s
E轉動動能 = 1/2*Iw^2 = 1/2*1.76*87.2^2*4輪 = 26798 J
---------------------------------------------------------
3. 移動
車重 + 胎框蝶 = 1500 + (10+10+10)*4輪 = 1620kg
E移動動能 = 1/2*MV^2 = 1/2*1620*27.8^2 = 625000 J
---------------------------------------------------------
總能量E = 26798 + 625000 = 651798 J
---------------------------------------------------------
俗話說簧下1公斤,簧上10公斤
以下代入各胎框碟4輪各減少1kg時,與原始651798 J比較,再看等效車重是多少
輪框減少1kg(共4kg),總能量649460 J = 減少2338 J
約等於車重減少6kg, 總能量649483 J = 減少2315 J
4:6 = 1:1.5
輪胎減少1kg(共4kg),總能量648711 J = 減少3087 J
約等於車重減少8kg, 總能量648711 J = 減少3087 J
4:8 = 1:2
碟盤減少1kg(共4kg),總能量649912 J = 減少1886 J
約等於車重減少5kg, 總能量649869 J = 減少1929 J
4:5 = 1:1.25
---------------------------------------------------------
結論&問題
1. 與1:10好像差蠻多的,而且我只用外徑算,轉動慣量會偏大,
若用積分算(最小I = 1/2 ( R1^2 + R2^2 ),等效車重還會少1~2kg
2. 轉動 vs 移動 = 26798 : 625000 = 4.3%
比例差蠻多的,所以簧下重量變化的影響很小,不知道是不是哪裡錯了?
請各位高手幫忙看看並分享意見,謝謝!!
--
Tags:
汽車
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