貨物稅造福誰 - 汽車
By Ida
at 1998-10-21T22:33
at 1998-10-21T22:33
Table of Contents
原文連結:
https://www.chinatimes.com/newspapers/20181019000594-260210
原文內容:
2.原文內容:
貨物稅修正案 造福了誰? 國產車商:藥不對症
日前,立法院通過「貨物稅條例第12條修正案」的一讀,此修正案的主要內容為,將原本
小客車貨物稅,從原本的2個級距變成4個級距,將排氣量1,000c.c.以下的小車稅率降為1
7.5%,而超過3,000c.c.的稅率調高變成39%;市場大宗的「1,001c.c.到2,000c.c.」與
「2,001c.c.到3,000c.c.」以下的稅率則是不變,分別是25%和30%。此修正案消息露出
後,國產車商直言這不是一劑對症藥。
雖然此法案僅一讀通過,國產車商卻非常著急。主因在於目前國產車的銷售主力車種,引
擎排氣量大約都落在1,500c.c.到1,800c.c.、頂多加上2,000c.c.以內的車種,3,000c.c.
的車種幾乎絕跡。而這次修正案獲得稅率調降的主角「小排氣量車種」,國產車品牌幾乎
沒有生產,無怪乎國產車商直呼這次的貨物稅調降根本就是「獨厚進口車」。
貨物稅的計算方法,只要稍加對稅務了解過後,就可以發現是一種稅上稅的課徵方式,不
僅實施已久、項目繁多,稅率更是控制在政府的手中,被視之為抑制商業活動的「惡稅」
也不為過;不管是立法院主導或政府有心推動,要調整貨物稅率有時在立法院還有一番攻
防,想要適時靈活調整又更加困難。然而正因為這樣的特質,貨物稅其實也成為政府機關
的一把雙面刃,用對了其實也可以對經濟調整有重大貢獻。好比「舊換新減徵汽車貨物稅
5萬」政策,在實施之後的確推動一波換車潮、讓許多老舊車輛報廢除籍;雖然減稅帶動
銷售的力道逐年遞減,但是仍證明了這項「減法」雖然失之東隅,但實際上卻收之桑榆。
回到這次一讀的法案,可能獲得降價空間的車種、低於1.0L排氣量的車款,幾乎都是
B-Segment的掀背小車,好比國產僅有Ford Fiesta,而進口車則有Suzuki的Swift、
Baleno,以及福斯汽車集團的Citigo、Fabia、Audi A1、Polo,台灣賓士的smart fortwo
、forfour等車款。再向上C級距還有Octiva、Golf等中型車款,尚有1.0L引擎車型可以選
擇;如此看來,無怪乎國產車商覺得委屈。
目前台灣汽車市場,國產車佔比逐月接近「死亡交叉」,堪稱火車頭工業的國產車可說岌
岌可危。縱然國產車商立馬規劃引進1.0L級距的車款,付諸實行到正式上市再快也可能需
要兩、三年時間,這段期間政策走向、消費習性潮流難抓不說,市場也可能被產品線調整
靈活的進口車給佔走;反之,進口車商也覺得這樣的法案尚未底定之前,難免會讓現行
1.0L車款會因消費者期待心理,導致銷售遲滯。
另一方面,超過3.0L排氣量的車款大多是性能車款、大型廂車或者高端豪華車款,貨物稅
率一旦調高,總價更容易跨過加課奢侈稅的300萬元門檻,屆時將造成車價飛漲的局面;
雖然這類車輛的佔比不多,未來仍將使高端買家多付出購車成本。同樣地,1.0L排氣量車
款在台灣汽車市場佔比仍是少數,縱然未來底定三讀通過,市場的大宗需求仍不在此級距
,那麼減稅的意義到底何在?
政策的實施,最上乘者如風行草偃,施政者吹起有利的風、民眾順應導向,跟著做就對了
。適時地稍微讓利給民眾,促進經濟的循環熱度,政府總稅收反而是更加穩定。然而這次
的修法一讀,立法院諸公看起來是欲扮演劫富濟貧的張麻子,實際上卻是不肯放過市場中
堅的黃四郎。
(工商時報)
心得/說明:
1.0T的車要起飛了嗎?
1.0T論馬力及扭力 大概跟1.6NA差不多
Luxgen會推出1.0的垃圾車出來應戰嗎?
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https://i.imgur.com/NVLfi6A.jpg
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