賓士說他們的全自動駕駛車至少還要等10年 - BMW

為了測試自動駕駛車與收集澳洲的道路使用環境、路面狀況、交通號誌
以及衛星導航的特性...等等資料，

德國賓士總部派出一群工程師以及一輛改裝的E-Class前往澳洲收集資料，

由賓士車輛安全研發資深老兵Jochen Haab領軍，一行人正在澳洲各地如火如荼的進行
實際測試中。

今年澳洲F1大賽現場，Jochen Haab在接受CarAdvice創辦人Fallah的專訪時表示，

「賓士的全自動駕駛車至少還要再等十年以上，現階段賓士的半自駕車技術等級
只有在Level2 ~ Level3之間。」

LV2和LV3半自駕系統都還需要人類在必要時去接手介入。


(圖) 賓士的自動駕駛測試車與路上假人合照，車頂上有擺放儀器。
https://i.imgur.com/VH5X2hC.jpg (source: Supplied)

(圖) 賓士自動駕駛測試車，車內各種特殊裝備圖解
https://i.imgbox.com/YD8qFbBh.jpg

to do that in that level of high automation, I think it's at least a decade
away." Haab said.

He says the brand is currently sitting around level two to three: advanced
self-driving systems that allow a vehicle to be driven autonomously, so long
as there is a human to take over at any given moment when required.


◇自駕車必須要能自行克服各種困難的行車環境與不利條件

CarAdvice創辦人Alborz Fallah問說，為什麼其他車廠如Tesla已經推出Autopilot2
全自動駕駛科技？

Haab回答說「依照現有的資料水準，想要達成全自動駕駛還會遇到許多變數。」

「例如像是，遇到手機網路故障斷訊、遇到濃霧環境、遇到車子本身無法駕駛控制了、
遇到網路斷線...，那車子它該怎麼辦才好？」

「你身處在一團金屬裡，你需要多出一套替代備援方案 (redundancies)，
讓自駕車系統得以在資訊非常有限的情況下能夠繼續良好運作，而這是件非常艱困的任務
。」


(圖) Jochen Haab是賓士車輛安全研發的資深老兵
https://i.imgbox.com/LEkiD5ow.jpg

(source: Herald Sun https://is.gd/7W7rG1 )

(圖) 一輛賓士S-Class自動駕駛測試車的內部裝備照片
https://i.imgbox.com/rcd0VSS4.jpg

Asked why that is the case when brands like Tesla are already rolling out
full autonomous driving technologies (with autopilot two), Haab said there are
too many variables to be able to do full autonomous with the current level of
data available.

"[It's the what ifs… what if you had a breakdown in the cellular phone
network, what if you had intensive fog and if you had a car that had
no controls, what if you lost connection, what would that car do?
You would be in a piece of metal. [You need] redundancies and making things work and even with very limited information, it is a very tough task.”


◇每個國家都有一些獨特的交通規則，自駕車電腦得要學會去面對

另外，Haab也指出墨爾本的「兩段式轉彎」交通規則(hook turns)也是自駕車的大挑戰
。
(註: hook turns 有點像是汽車版的兩段式左轉，但澳洲是右駕國家就變成兩段式右轉)

在兩段式轉彎時，車子會遇到許多變數，電腦要監看兩組紅綠燈、十字路口的交通狀況
、車子後方的交通狀況、來來往往的軌道電車、突然有一台極限單車從車子後方急轉彎...
...等等，會有很多各種可能的狀況。


(圖) 澳洲墨爾本的hook turns 汽車兩段式轉彎示意圖
https://i.imgbox.com/PESvnR97.jpg

Haab also pointed to the huge difficulties with road rules such as hook turns
, which are unique just to Melbourne.

"With hook turns, [there are] so many variables, two lights to watch,
cross traffic to watch, traffic from behind to watch, trams, and then there is
one BMX rider swerving from behind.. it's the what ifs."


Haab說賓士的基本態度就是「只做最好的」"The Best or Nothing"。

對於自駕車，賓士不需要衝第一個，如果他們認為自駕車科技還不夠成熟的話。

Haab says that Mercedes-Benz's attitude and brand slogan of the best or
nothing mean it doesn't have to dive head first into autonomous vehicles
if it doesn't believe the technology is mature enough.


==心得==

對於研發自動駕駛技術，賓士追求盡善盡美，很重視自駕車完善的安全性與穩定性，
必須要在任何道路環境下都不會出差錯才行。

現在至少還要等10年以上才會正式推出賓士版的全自動駕駛系統，賓士車主可有的等了

BMW已經宣佈要在2021年推出的全新電動旗艦車，配備LV5全自動駕駛系統。

賓士十年磨一劍，老神在在地去達成車廠口號「只做最好的」"The Best or Nothing"。


延伸閱讀
[情報] 2021年 BMW將會推出LV5全自動駕駛的新型電動旗艦車
https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/EuropeanCar/M.1489927441.A.EAB.html

(圖表) 自動駕駛系統分成 LV1~LV5五種等級，SAE的定義
https://i.imgbox.com/XBdwh6Tb.jpg
(source: SAE https://is.gd/cwENhG )

出處
Mercedes-Benz says that fully autonomous vehicles are at least a decade away,
as it starts a pilot data gathering program on Australian roads
for its autonomous driving technology project.
https://is.gd/OBE9GF

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